Habla Interna y Lectura Rápida: Un Análisis de la Internalización de Textos Escritos
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La lectura silenciosa a menudo implica involucrar la “voz interior”, un fenómeno en el que los individuos articulan palabras sub-vocalmente en sus mentes. Se entiende que esta voz interior proviene del proceso de internalización, en el que el habla verbal externa se transforma en diálogo interno. Sin embargo, los mecanismos a través de los cuales los aprendices de un idioma extranjero internalizan el contenido escrito, especialmente en un marco de lectura rápida, permanecen poco explorados debido a las dificultades inherentes en observar dicho proceso. Para arrojar luz sobre esto, se llevó a cabo una investigación cualitativa en la que se utilizó diarios y la técnica de recuerdo para examinar las etapas iniciales de la internalización de textos escritos por aprendices de un idioma extranjero dentro de un programa de lectura rápida. Este programa tuvo como objetivo mejorar el ritmo y la comprensión de la lectura de textos en inglés. El estudio revela que los aprendices comienzan a internalizar el lenguaje escrito a través de una serie de usos del habla interna: subvocalización, traducción literal, repetición, lectura fluida y la formación de asociaciones de imágenes mentales con el lenguaje. Los hallazgos indican además que, a medida que los aprendices avanzan en el curso de lectura rápida, sus esfuerzos de traducción mental se vuelven más subconscientes, posiblemente facilitando la transición al uso del habla interna como herramienta cognitiva, predominantemente a través de asociaciones con imágenes mentales. Este cambio puede desempeñar un papel crucial en la eficiencia y eficacia de la adquisición de habilidades de lectura en un idioma extranjero.
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